Skinfold calipers are measuring instruments used to evaluate skinfold thickness, allowing the estimation of body fat percentage using specific formulas (e.g., Jackson-Pollock, Durnin-Womersley equations). They are widely used in fitness, nutrition, research, physical assessment, and healthcare services.
| Type / Model | Measurement Range | Accuracy | Features |
| Mechanical Caliper (standard spring) | Typically 0 – ~80 mm | ± 0.5 mm or better | Calibrated constant spring, metal jaws, analog dial or scale |
| Digital / Electronic Caliper | Similar to 0 – 80 mm or more depending on model | ± 0.1 mm depending on quality | Digital screen, value memory, possible connectivity, automatic calculation |
| Lange Caliper | 0 – 80 mm | ~0.5 mm | Widely used model, popular in research |
| Harpenden Caliper | 0 – 100 mm or 0 – 60 mm depending on version | ~0.1 mm | Gold standard model in research (high precision) |
| Other models (Slim Guide, Accu-Measure, etc.) | Typically 0 – 50 / 60 mm | 1 mm or similar | Affordable models, field use / quick assessment |
1. Identify skinfold sites (e.g., triceps, biceps, subscapular, abdominal, suprailiac, thigh, calf, etc.)
2. Pinch the skinfold + adipose tissue (without muscle) between the thumb and index finger, maintaining slight tension
3. Apply the caliper jaws perpendicular to the fold surface, ~1 cm away from the pinching fingers
4. Read the value 1 to 2 seconds after constant application
5. Take at least two measurements per site and calculate the average
6. Use an appropriate formula based on gender, age, and measurement sites to estimate body fat percentage
7. Be consistent: same sites, same pressure, same time of day, without hydrating or tanning beforehand.